▲ Eun Mee Kim, Professor Emeritus of the Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Womans University, and the first UN Women's Goodwill Ambassador from the Republic of Korea This year marks the 30th anniversary of the 1995 Beijing World Conference on Women. Thirty years ago, the world declared that women s rights are human rights. However, amid new global challenges such as the climate crisis, digital transformation, and the spread of artificial intelligence (AI), the issues of gender equality still require further improvements.Eun Mee Kim, the first UN Women Goodwill Ambassador from the Republic of Korea and Professor Emeritus of the Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Womans University (former President; current Board Chair, Ewha Womans University) emphasizes the need to reinterpret the spirit of the Beijing Declaration in today s context and calls for international cooperation to address new as well as existing forms of gender discrimination. As a sociologist studying the political economy of developing countries, Professor Kim has concluded through her work in international development cooperation that development excluding women is not sustainable. This belief is the starting point and core of the activities she has pursued for decades, moving between academia and fieldwork. Q As a sociologist researching political and economic development in developing countries, what led you to enter the field of gender? After earning my master s and doctoral degrees in the United States, I taught as a Professor at the University of Southern California (USC) before returning to South Korea in 1997. While pioneering the field of international development cooperation and serving on major government advisory committees, I noticed a complete absence of gender perspectives in discussions. There was no consideration of issues from a gender viewpoint, nor any attempt to develop solutions grounded in gender perspectives. In 2006, there was a decisive moment while serving as a member of the Committee for International Development Cooperation under the Prime Minister's Office. Paragraph 1 of the Basic Spirit and Goals in Article 3 of the Framework Act on International Development Cooperation states: International development cooperation is based on the fundamental spirit of reducing poverty in developing countries; improving the human rights of vulnerable groups such as women, children, persons with disabilities, and youth; realizing gender equality; achieving sustainable development and humanitarianism; promoting economic cooperation with developing countries; and pursuing peace and prosperity in the international community. Although the Basic Act clearly stated that aid should be provided to improve women s human rights and achieve gender equality, this was not reflected in the actual projects or budget allocations. When I asked why the budget allocation was so small, a government official at the time responded, Since the Republic of Korea still has a long way to go to achieve gender equality, what right or experience do we have to implement gender projects in international development cooperation? The comment was even more shocking because it came from a woman official. Q Why is the role of women important in international development cooperation? I used to think that political economy and gender were completely separate fields. But what I realized in the field was that if women are excluded, no development program can be sustainable. For example, in a water supply project, the primary individuals fetching water are mostly women. For hygiene education, it is women who implement it at home and pass it on to their children. Thus, it is going to leave a big hole if we do not include women throughout the entire process of international development cooperation project from designing to the actual implementation. Therefore, development that excludes women carries a high risk of failure in terms of both efficiency and outcomes. Q What is the significance of this year marking the 30th anniversary of the 1995 Beijing World Conference on Women? The Beijing World Conference on Women was a historic event in which the international community adopted the principle that women s rights are human rights as a universal norm. This milestone also led to the use of the term gender rather than sex in official UN documents and meetings. Sex refers to biological differences between males and females, whereas gender is a concept that encompasses social and cultural roles and norms. This marked an important turning point to broaden the perspective on gender discrimination to include the structural and institutional dimensions of gender inequality, and in turn allowed us to examine solutions involving structural and institutional changes for eradicating gender inequality.▲ Professor Eun Mee Kim (second from the left) is pictured with international students in traditional attire during a leadership workshop for the Ewha Womans University KOICA Master s Degree Program in 2008.Q How do gender issues manifest in recent crises, such as climate change and conflicts?Unfortunately, disasters and crises disproportionately affect women and girls. According to the UN SDGs Report, during the COVID-19 pandemic, both developing and developed countries saw a significant increase in women s unemployment rates and care-giving burdens. The former was largely due to the fact that around 40% of employed women worldwide worked in industries most severely impacted by the pandemic, such as accommodation, food services, retail, and manufacturing. Thus, more women lost jobs than men. Similarly, more women had already been exposed to greater care-giving responsibilities at the household, and their care-giving responsibilities increased more markedly than men, which was compounded with their more fragile employment status. In another example, during the Ebola virus outbreak in Africa in 2014, the pregnancy rate among girls sharply increased. What is the connection between infectious diseases and the rise in young girls pregnancies? The reason was school closures. Girls who could not attend school especially those who had lost their parents were left vulnerable to sexual violence. Schools were not only places of learning but also served as protection. Cases with water supply problems and increased agricultural labor burdens caused by climate change also disproportionately affect women. While disasters do not discriminate, the damage they cause varies according to gender. Q What are the strengths of Korea s ODA that make it a model from the perspective of developing countries?I believe the strength lies in the message and experience. Just over 60 years ago, South Korea was one of the poorest countries in the world, with a per capita GDP of less than 100 dollars. Yet, despite war and security crises, South Korea achieved both economic growth and democratization. From the viewpoint of developing countries, South Korea s experience of achieving economic development from rags to riches in a recent decades sounds much more realistic and tangible than the advanced nations, which have developed over centuries ago. South Korea s experience of economic growth with no natural resources is far more realistic and relatable than resource-rich countries such as the UK or the US. Having experienced the hardships of recipient countries firsthand, South Korea can respect the sense of ownership of other recipient nations. In other words, a sense of solidarity like comradeship can be formed between South Korea and countries in the Global South in need of international development cooperation. ▲ Professor Eun Mee Kim was appointed as UN Women Goodwill Ambassador in 2024.Q Do you have any notable examples of Korean-style, gender-focused ODA? The project for the Prevention and Treatment of Obstetric Fistula in Cote d Ivoire, carried out jointly by KOICA and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) from 2012 until last year, was particularly impressive. Fistula is a painful and degrading medical condition for women, which has been caused by difficult childbirth. Pre-term birth, traditional delivery methods attended by midwives, female genital mutilation, and inadequate maternal health care systems are associated with fistula. Although surgical treatment is possible, many fistula patients were ostracized by their families and local communities, and as a result fell into poverty based on mistaken belief that they were somehow impure or cursed. Fortunately, women who received surgery through KOICA s support were able to return to their families, find employment, and even become leaders in their communities. Extending beyond simple medical support, this is a case of overcoming social stigma and restoring dignity. Another good example of South Korean-style gender-focused ODA is the transfer of know-how in operating the Sunflower Center, which is South Korea s model for preventing sexual violence and supporting victims, to Vietnam. By providing medical, legal, psychological, and employment support all in one place, the center effectively aided victims recovery and reintegration into society, and was selected as an excellent achievement project by the OECD in 2021.Q What do you think should be the strategic direction for gender-focused ODA linked to the SDGs moving forward?Gender is not only an independent goal SDG 5, achieving gender equality but also a cross-cutting issue that permeates all fields. Gender must not be excluded from areas such as climate, education, technology, or peace. A gender-transformative approach is needed to go beyond simply increasing women s participation and aim to change power structures and social norms.

• 2026.03.30
• 12min READ

How did Korea, once the epitome of poverty, leap to become an advanced country? Ahead of Development Cooperation Day on November 25, we interviewed Professor Kim Young-wan of Sogang University s Department of Political Science to examine Korea s history and current status in international development cooperation. Professor Kim emphasized that Korea is a very special country that transitioned from being a recipient country of international aid to a donor country. Q Is the transition from a recipient country to a donor country, as seen in Korea s case, very rare? Korea experienced rapid growth. Although it continued to receive aid until 1999, it joined the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 1996. On January 1, 2010, Korea became both a member of the OECD s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and a new donor country, and it is currently classified as a traditional donor country. Q How do you evaluate the scale and nature of Korea s ODA in today s global context? Korea provided USD 3.94 billion in 2024, ranking 13th among the 33 DAC member countries, including the European Union (EU), in terms of total ODA. However, its ODA-to-GNI (Gross National Income) ratio stands at 0.21%, placing it among the bottom seven. The ODA-to-GNI ratio exceeded 0.2% for the first time in 2024. Between 2015 and 2023, it ranged from 0.14% to 0.17%. Considering that the international community s target for the ODA-to-GNI ratio is 0.7% and taking Korea s total ODA into account, it is still difficult to say that Korea has firmly established itself as a major donor country. Q What major achievements has Korea made in international development cooperation on the global stage? Korea itself has grown tremendously through ODA. ODA plays a very important role in enhancing a nation s soft power and national interests. When bridges or roads are built through ODA projects, the Korean flag is displayed alongside them, which helps people in those countries recognize, Ah, this was built by Korea. KOICA exerts a positive influence through community-centered development cooperation projects such as ICT centers and schools. A notable example is the Korean Hospital(Hospital Municipal Modelo Corea) in El Alto, Bolivia. The hospital was established in 1998 in an area with limited basic medical facilities. With secondary support, obstetrics and pediatrics departments were added. As a result, it is now regarded as the best maternity hospital in Bolivia, and the perception among mothers giving birth there that the Korean hospital is the best has spread, improving Korea s image. Such experiences naturally create an atmosphere in which Koreans and Korean companies are warmly welcomed. ▲ Professor Kim Young-wan from the Department of Political Science at Sogang University (second from the left) conducts a field interview for a development cooperation project in Ethiopia. Q ODA has positively improved Korea's standing. Of course. When a positive local atmosphere is established, it becomes easier for companies to operate as well. When discussing public diplomacy achievements, there s a saying that goes, No matter how much budget you spend on public diplomacy, it can t beat BTS. Recently, K-Pop Demon Hunters has been playing that role. A country s image is extremely important, and ODA is playing a major role in positively shaping Korea s image. Moreover, because Korea is a donor country that has never engaged in colonial rule, the significance of Korean ODA is even more distinctive. Korea began providing ODA with sincere intentions, and it has helped improve Korea s image. Q The biggest challenge with Korean-style development cooperation is its limited budget. Could you explain this in more detail? The budget is the biggest challenge. China has abundant financial resources and constructs roads and buildings completely free of charge. In Africa, for example, you can immediately recognize Chinese-built structures because they are so grand and impressive. In this way, China develops the area, and the resulting profits or resources flow back to China. Japan embodies a the spirit of craftsmanship investing large budgets over long periods to steadily and deeply develop specific fields. In comparison, Korea faces limitations in achieving noticeable results quickly with a limited budget. Q On the other hand, what are Korea s unique strengths? The greatest strength is diligence. Koreans and Korean culture embody a commitment to doing one s utmost, treating any task entrusted to them as their own. Moreover, Korea is the only country that has transitioned from a developing recipient to an advanced donor, serving as a role model for other developing nations through its own challenging experiences. Leveraging its own growth experiences while understanding the perspectives of developing countries is a major strength. Another interesting observation I ve made while visiting project sites is that residents of developing countries view Koreans differently than how they see people from other nations. Generally, Koreans are viewed positively for understanding the challenges faced by developing countries and for treating their people warmly and without prejudice. That s why I like to say: Korea is a nation that practices ODA with Jeong*. * A uniquely Korean sentiment, refers to a deep, enduring emotional bond that develops over time through shared experiences, sympathy. Q How can Korea s model be distinguished from those of other donor countries? There is a need to develop integrated development cooperation projects into a Korean-style ODA model. It is also necessary to establish ODA strategies that are uniquely Korean. The Aral Sea GRIP project, carried out in cooperation with the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), is an innovative initiative that attracted private investment through the issuance of green bonds. Through such new approaches, Korea needs to take a leading role in addressing the climate crisis. Q What does an integrated development cooperation project entail? An integrated development cooperation project refers to implementing development initiatives by organically linking and coordinating projects across multiple sectors, rather than focusing on a single field. This integrated approach is especially effective in community-based development cooperation projects. Community-based development cooperation can achieve high effectiveness even with relatively small budgets, making it well-suited for advancing Korea s model. For example, in village development projects, it promotes the overall growth of the community by implementing projects across multiple sectors such as health, education, income generation, conflict mitigation, and women s rights enhancement either simultaneously or sequentially. The advantage of this approach is that it can improve the efficiency and sustainability of projects through the complementary effects generated between different initiatives. Q How can Korea contribute in situations where new international agendas are emerging? Globally, the refugee issue is a challenge that the international community must address collectively. It is essential to raise awareness about refugees and support their resettlement or voluntary return. When university students are asked, What do you think about refugees? most respond negatively. However, when asked to define what a refugee actually is, most are unable to provide an accurate explanation. A refugee is someone who has been forced to leave their home country due to persecution for political or similar reasons and cannot obtain protection from their own government. In reality, most refugees want to return to their homeland, but they become refugees precisely because they cannot. No one chooses to become a refugee voluntarily. Therefore, refugees must be protected in their current location until political conditions allow them to safely return home. Korea needs to take the lead in developing cooperation projects aimed at addressing the refugee issue. In addition, tackling the climate crisis and promoting eco-friendly policies are urgent tasks that must be addressed. The GGGI, an international organization founded in Korea, can serve as a key platform and tool for Korea to contribute to the international community in the environmental field. Q Why is addressing the climate crisis an important agenda? The climate crisis response agenda is important because the climate crisis is not only an issue for international development cooperation but a shared challenge for all humanity. The entire world is currently threatened by the climate crisis, and even citizens of advanced countries are not immune to its effects. Developing countries, in particular, are highly dependent on agriculture due to their economic structures, making them especially vulnerable to the direct impacts of climate change. The climate crisis is causing increasing cases of income reduction and even loss of livelihoods. This is closely linked to the emergence of the concept of environmental refugees. Therefore, the entire world must collaborate to mitigate the impacts of the climate crisis on developing countries and pursue sustainable response measures. Q Contributing to emerging international agendas will naturally enhance Korea s global standing. Yes, that s correct. ODA should not remain merely a concept of helping out. By improving the lives of residents in developing countries and transforming their societies, Korean companies can also expand, creating a sustainable ODA ecosystem. However, many people still hold negative perceptions, seeing ODA as a waste of tax money. Changing these perceptions is crucial. Q How do you respond to the criticism that ODA is a waste of budget? I believe that ODA is not at fault. The criticism that ODA is a waste of budget mainly arises from two misunderstandings. The first is the perception that ODA is not properly delivered to partner countries. It is true that, in some past cases, ODA was executed without full transparency. This was an issue faced not only by Korea but also by other donor countries. However, such problems are not unique to ODA but are general challenges that can occur in any policy project and must be addressed. Today, the ODA execution structure has become far more transparent, with thorough management and supervision systems in place, steadily enhancing the reliability and effectiveness of projects. The second misunderstanding is the belief that ODA has little relevance to people s own lives. In reality, ODA contributes to global stability, international credibility and the long-term condtions that ultimately affect all of our lives. From this perspective, the claim that ODA is wasteful is, in fact, nothing more than a misunderstanding. ▲ Professor Kim Young-wan with children at Inawa Panaynep Elementary School (ICT education project site) in the Philippines Q What is your perspective on the reduction of ODA budgets in several countries? It is well documented that the United States has historically used ODA as a tool to advance its national interests. Nevertheless, President Donald Trump has argued that U.S. ODA is a waste of budget. His decision to reduce funding for USAID overlooked the agency s contributions to enhancing the U.S. image and building soft power through development cooperation projects around the world. In Korea, many people do not fully recognize how much ODA contributes to improving the national image and enhancing soft power. In fact, ODA has long accounted for less than 1% of the government budget. The situation is similar in the United States. Attempting to cut that budget risks undermining the 70 to 80 years of effort invested so far. There is hope, however, that the U.S. government s approach will change following Trump s administration. Q Despite that, why must ODA continue? The international community has a responsibility to support the growth of developing countries. The first reason is humanitarian. As of 2024, approximately 700 million people worldwide about 8.5% of the global population live in absolute poverty, unable to meet even basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. Some critics ask, Why provide aid overseas rather than domestically? However, poverty in developing countries exists on a completely different scale compared to Korea, where absolute poverty is almost nonexistent. Unlike Korea, many developing countries lack well-established social security systems for the poor, making support from the international community essential. The second reason is practical: conflicts and poverty in developing countries ultimately impact developed nations as well. Korea is an export-driven country that relies on raw materials and markets in developing countries. Without support for these nations, securing imports of raw materials could become challenging. When Korea invests 10 units through ODA projects, it can often receive at least 10 in return, and sometimes even more. As developing countries stabilize and grow through ODA, Korea also benefits from this growth. The more countries Korea supports, the greater the opportunities to secure markets and resources for itself. Q Some people still question, What benefits does international development cooperation bring to our national interests? Due to Korea s industrial structure, ODA directly translates into national interests. By helping people in developing countries who need assistance, they may one day purchase Korean products, collaborate with Korean companies, or come to Korea to work. The more ODA we provide, the more our national interests grow, and Korea s global standing rises. ▲ On the way to Lagutai School, a site of the Philippines ICT Capacity Building Project Q Could you explain that in more detail? ODA can serve as a catalyst for promoting Korea s national interests. For Korean companies to successfully expand overseas, two key factors are essential: first, cooperation from local governments to support their activities; and second, positive perceptions and support from local communities. Without acceptance at the government or community level, overseas expansion becomes extremely challenging. ODA helps secure these two factors. It not only facilitates Korean companies global entry but also builds trust and goodwill among local populations. Furthermore, when Korean firms establish themselves successfully abroad, this significantly contributes to job creation for domestic youth and overall economic growth. Q What direction do you think Korea s international development cooperation should take in the future? Korea must take a leading role. While China has abundant capital and the United States provides a large scale of ODA, Korea does not. Instead, Korea is well-positioned to propose new international agendas. For example, taking the lead on issues such as responding to the climate crisis would make a significant contribution to the international community. I have personally considered the slogan Zero ODA, meaning using ODA to create a world where ODA is no longer needed. Korea achieved economic growth by receiving ODA and is building a positive image by providing ODA. Although there are still shortcomings, if Korea leverages its unique strengths to pursue special agendas, it can contribute to the international community just as it benefited from aid.

• 2026.03.30
• 12min READ

In March, when frogs awaken and bring the welcome news of spring, KOICA also received heartwarming updates from the field. First, in Seoul, the launch of the Civil Society Joint Working Group and an ODA participation strategy briefing session took place, and KOICA s self-produced video content achieved the remarkable feat of winning three awards at the A.N.D. Award, a prestigious domestic digital award ceremony. Far away in Colombia, there are reports that an energy bar made from Sacha Inchi, an alternative to narcotic crops, has been launched. In addition, we also share news of the groundbreaking of the Cambodia Korea Friendship Building and a reference meeting on mine damage management achievements in Peru. 📰 NEWS 1. KOICA Civil Society Joint Working Group Launched ▲ On March 6, participants, including Son Jeong-mi, KOICA s Executive Director of the Global Solidarity and Partnership Office (fifth from the left in the front row), and Cho Dae-sik, Secretary-General of the Korea NGO Council for Overseas Development Cooperation (KCOC) (sixth from the left in the front row), posed for a commemorative photo during the 1st KOICA Civil Society Joint Working Group Launch Ceremony held at the main auditorium of World Vision Korea s headquarters in Yeouido, Seoul. KOICA held the 1st KOICA Civil Society Joint Working Group Launch Ceremony on March 6 at the World Vision head office auditorium in Yeouido, Seoul. The joint working group was established to maximize the outcomes of KOICA s Civil Society Partnership Program, a flagship public private ODA project. The most notable feature is that KOICA and partner organizations jointly lead the process as a One-Team partnership, from topic selection at the planning stage through to the adoption of implementation tasks. The working group is a restructured version of the previous Public-Private Partnership Council, upgraded to play a leading role that goes beyond simple opinion gathering and granting direct authority to select agendas and implementation tasks. The first-term working group includes 12 organizations KOICA, Koworks, Save the Children, and others and 40 staff members, who will operate together until October. 📰 NEWS 2. KOICA Achieves Triple Silver at the 2025 A.N.D. Award ▲ On February 26, staff members and officials from KOICA s Media and Public Relations Department posed for a commemorative photo after receiving the Silver Award at the 2025 A.N.D. Award ceremony held at COEX in Seoul. KOICA received a total of three Silver Awards for its self-produced video content at the 2025 A.N.D. Award ceremony held on February 26 at COEX in Seoul, achieving the status of a triple-crown winner. Now in its 19th year, the A.N.D. Award is an authoritative annual digital awards ceremony in Korea, organized by the Korea Digital Enterprise Association (KDEA) and supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT and other public bodies. KOICA has won the award for the second consecutive year. This year, the web drama Love in Development Season 2 won an award in the Video Content category, while The Wind of KOICA (Central Asia ODA Project Promotion Video) received awards in both the Video Content category and the Public Institution category. 📰 NEWS 3. Hosting the 2026 Development Cooperation Participation Strategy Briefing ▲ At the 2026 Development Cooperation Participation Strategy Briefing, hosted by KOICA at the KBIZ Hall of the Korea Federation of SMEs in Yeouido, Seoul, on March 3, KOICA President CHANG Won-sam delivered the opening remarks. KOICA held the 2026 Development Cooperation Participation Strategy Briefing at the KBIZ Hall of the Korea Federation of SMEs in Yeouido, Seoul, on March 3. This year, under the Fourth Comprehensive Basic Plan for International Development Cooperation, results-based K-ODA has been presented as a core vision, drawing growing interest from Korean companies seeking to enter ODA markets. KOICA introduced step-by-step support, ranging from helping qualified partner companies build localized business models to strengthening their project implementation capabilities. KOICA also conducted sessions on ODA project procurement, corporate partnership programs, EDCF projects, and ways to participate through overseas procuring entities, and shared participation strategies related to the Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF), Multilateral Development Bank (MDB), and international organizations, along with success stories from companies that have already participated in such projects. 📰 NEWS 4. Launch of a high-nutrition energy bar made from an alternative to narcotic crops in Colombia ▲ The Sacha Energy cereal bar launched by KOICA in Colombia through the project Strengthening the agricultural economy of the Department of Putumayo through the Cultivation and Commercialization of Alternative Crop (2020 2025), implemented jointly with the UNODC. KOICA has launched a high-nutrition food product made from an alternative to narcotic crops in Colombia. Since 2020, KOICA has been working with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) to commercialize Sacha Inchi as an alternative crop in Putumayo, a region highly dependent on coca cultivation. As a result, a cereal bar made from Sacha Inchi, Sacha Energy, has been developed and launched, with a product release event held on March 3. This product is the outcome of integrated value chain development linking production, processing, and distribution. KOICA has established cultivation bases for 700 farming households across seven municipalities and has supported the formation of cooperatives. As a result, average monthly household income has risen from about 500,000 Colombian pesos to 1.2 million pesos. The Sacha Energy cereal bar is being placed in major supermarkets across Colombia and is also being promoted for entry into the European market. 📰 NEWS 5. Groundbreaking of the second Cambodia-Korea Friendship Building at the National Pediatric Hospital in Cambodia▲ On March 6, attendees at the groundbreaking ceremony held at the National Pediatric Hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, look at the promotional board for the new ward to be constructed. KOICA held the groundbreaking ceremony for the second ward of the Cambodia Korea Friendship Building at the National Pediatric Hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on March 6. The new ward will be built with a total floor area of 9,053㎡, spanning five floors above ground and housing 188 beds. It will include specialized treatment spaces in seven major areas, such as pediatric hematology-oncology, neurology, and respiratory medicine, along with endoscopy and other specialized diagnostic facilities. This is expected to significantly strengthen Cambodia s domestic treatment capacity for severely ill pediatric patients. The second ward represents an expansion of cooperation into serious pediatric internal medicine care, building on the achievements of the Project to Improve Child Care Medical Center at National Pediatric Hospital implemented from 2013 to 2018. Construction will take about 27 months, with completion targeted for 2028. 📰 NEWS 6. Sharing the 10-year achievements of mine reclamation ODA in Peru with seven Latin American countries▲ The scene from the 2026 Latin America Mining-Environment International Conference held at the Swiss tel in Lima, Peru, on March 17. KOICA held the 2026 Latin America Mining-Environment International Conference at the Swiss tel in Lima, Peru, on March 17. The event provided a platform to share the outcomes of the mine reclamation ODA cooperation project, which KOICA has been implementing since 2015 in partnership with Peru s Ministry of Energy and Mines (MINEM) and the Korea Mine Rehabilitation and Mineral Resources Corporation (KOMIR), the executing agency from Korea. Peru has long faced water pollution problems arising from about 850 abandoned mines. To address this, KOICA first established an information system that manages the entire process of mine damage reporting, restoration, and supervision, and developed on-site guidelines during the initial phase of the project. In the second phase, the project focused on constructing mine drainage treatment facilities, informatizing environmental restoration planning, and strengthening mine damage management capacity. At this event, participants shared a common recognition of the importance of strengthening mining-environment management capacity and international cooperation for sustainable mining development.

• 2026.03.30
• 12min READ